Terbaru - √ Bahan Tenses: Past Perfect Continuous

Materi Tenses: Past Perfect Continuous – Past Perfect Continuous mengindikasikan agresi yang terjadi dan masih berlanjut dan kemudian tamat di masa lampau atau untuk membicarakan aksi/situasi yang sedang terjadi sebelum datangnya agresi lain.

Pola dan pola kalimat ekspresi dalam simple present tense:

No.	Jenis kalimat	Pola	Contoh Kalimat
1.	Affirmative	Subject + had + been + Ving + Object.	I/You/They/We had been waiting for the new regulations from the government when the situation was confusing   She/he/it had been waiting for the new regulations from the government when the situation was confusing.
2.	Negative	Subject + had + not + been + Ving + Object.	I/You/They/We had not been finishing our project when  the government made a new regulation.   She/he/it had not been finishing our project when  the government made a new regulation.
3.	Interogative	Had+ subject+ been + Ving + Object + ?	Had I/You/They/We been finishing our project when the government made a new regulation?   Had She/he/it been finishing our project when the government made a new regulation?

Catatan:

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Tidak terdapat kalimat nominal dalam past perfect continuous tense. Selain itu, past perfect continuous tense mampu digabungkan dengan kalimat simple past tense sehingga mereka menjadi kalimat majemuk. Contohnya menyerupai dibawah ini:

• The frozen food company had been producing a ton of chicken fillet for a week when we ordered a hundred packs of it.

• I had been studying for my akhir exam for three hours when my sister asked me to pick her up at school.

Kalimat simple past tense tersebut menunjukkan indikasi kejadian yang menginterupsi insiden yang sedang berlangsung yang mana diekspresikan melalui past perfect continuous tense.

Berikut ini ialah contoh kalimat past continuous tense menurut fungsi/kegunaanya:

1. Menunjukan durasi waktu tragedi yang sedang terjadi dan kemudian simpulan di masa lampau.

Contoh:

• We had been eating pizza since an hour ago when our parents came.

• Cindy had been teaching for three years at a famous tourism school before she moved to Chicago.

• How long had my mother been talking to you when I was in the office?

• They had been trying to draw the conclusion of the case for a day when the police called them to meet.

• Lili dan Cahya had been thinking of running away when a kind man came to save them.

2. Menunjukkan penyebab dan imbas di masa lampau.

Contoh:

• Elea was hungry because she had been driving from Jakarta to Bandung without taking a rest for three hours.

• Hans lost weight since he had been working too hard for a month.

• Sandy took TOEFL test for the second time because she had not been doing well in the previous one.

• My nephew had been crying a lot because his parents went abroad for business trip for three days.

Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous

Ketika durasi waktu menyerupai “for two hours,” “for a week” atau “since May,” tidak dicantumkan, para penutur asli bahasa Inggris lebih memilih untuk menggunakan past continuous tense. Sebagai pengingat bahwa past continuous menekankan pada aksi yang terinterupsi, sementara past perfect continuous tense menekankan pada durasi waktu suatu program yang terjadi sebelum program lainnya di masa lampau. Perhatikan teladan di bawah ini:

• Luna was happy because she was cooking the pumpkin soup well. (Kalimat ini menekankan pada perasaan ‘happy’ subjek. Bukan pada penyebabnya ataupun durasinya.

• Luna was happy because she had been finishing her painting for thirty minutes. (Kalimat ini menekankan pada durasi dan penyebab perasaan ‘happy’. Kegiatan tersebut mampu saja berlangsung pada saat itu, atau baru saja final.

Sumber https://www.kakakpintar.id

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